Boolean

A Boolean value is either true or false.
A Boolean expression produces a Boolean value (true or false) when evaluated.

Conditional ("if") statements

Affect the sequential flow of control by executing different statements based on the value of a Boolean expression.

CollegeBoard Pseudocode

IF (condition)
{
	<block of statements>
}

The code in <block of statements> is executed if the Boolean expression condition evaluates to true; no action is taken if condition evaluates to false.

IF (condition)
{
	<block of statements>
}
ELSE
{
	<second block of statements>
}

The code in the first <block of statements> is executed if the Boolean expression condition evaluates to true; otherwise, the code in <second block of statements> is executed.

Example: Calculate the sum of 2 numbers. If the sum is greater than 10, display 10; otherwise, display the sum.

num1 = INPUT
num2 = INPUT
sum = num1 + num2
IF (sum > 10)
{
	DISPLAY (10)
}
ELSE
{
	DISPLAY (sum)
}

Hack 1

Add a variable that represents an age.
Add an ‘if’ and ‘print’ function that says “You are an adult” if your age is greater than or equal to 18.
Make a function that prints “You are a minor” with the else function.

## YOUR CODE HERE

age = 16

if age >= 18:

    print("You are an adult")
else: 
    print("You are a minor")

Relational operators:

Used to test the relationship between 2 variables, expressions, or values. These relational operators are used for comparisons and they evaluate to a Boolean value (true or false).

Ex. a == b evaluates to true if a and b are equal, otherwise evaluates to false

a == b (equals)
a != b (not equal to)
a > b (greater than)
a < b (less than)
a >= b (greater than or equal to)
a <= b (less than or equal to)

Example: The legal age to work in California is 14 years old. How would we write a Boolean expression to check if someone is at least 14 years old?

age >= 14

Example: Write a Boolean expression to check if the average of height1, height2, and height3 is at least 65 inches.

(height1 + height2 + height3) / 3 >= 65

Hack 2

Make a variable called ‘is_raining’ and set it to ‘True”.
Make an if statement that prints “Bring an umbrella!” if it is true
Make an else statement that says “The weather is clear”.

## YOUR CODE HERE

is_raining = True

if is_raining == True:
    print("Bring an umbrella!")

else:
    print("The weather is clear")

Logical operators:

Used to evaluate multiple conditions to produce a single Boolean value.

NOT evaluates to true if condition is false, otherwise evaluates to false
AND evaluates to true if both conditions are true, otherwise evaluates to false
OR evaluates to true if either condition is true or if both conditions are true, otherwise evaluates to false

Example: You win the game if you score at least 10 points and have 5 lives left or if you score at least 50 points and have more than 0 lives left. Write the Boolean expression for this scenario.

(score >= 10 AND lives == 5) OR (score == 50 AND lives > 0)

Relational and logical operators:

Example: These expressions are all different but will produce the same result.

age >= 16
age > 16 OR age == 16
NOT age < 16

Hack 3

Make a function to randomize numbers between 0 and 100 to be assigned to variables a and b using random.randint
Print the values of the variables
Print the relationship of the variables; a is more than, same as, or less than b

## YOUR CODE HERE
import random

a = random.randint(0,100)
b = random.randint(0,100)

print (a)
print (b)
if not a > b:

    print("a is less than b")
if a == b:
    print("a is equals b ")

if a > b:
    print("a is greater than b")

Homework

Criteria for above 90%:

Add more questions relating to Boolean rather than only one per topic (ideas: expand on conditional statements, relational/logical operators)
Add a way to organize the user scores (possibly some kind of leaderboard, keep track of high score vs. current score, etc. Get creative!)
Remember to test your code to make sure it functions correctly.

import sys

# Function to ask a question and get a response
def question_with_response(prompt, correct_answers):
    # Print the question
    print("Question: " + prompt)
    # Get user input as the response
    msg = input("Your answer: ").strip()
    return msg.lower() in (answer.lower() for answer in correct_answers)

# Define the number of questions and initialize the correct answers counter
questions = 6
correct = 0

# Personalized greeting message
# Collect the student's name
user_name = input("Enter your name: ")
print('Hello, ' + user_name + " running " + sys.executable)
print("You will be asked {} questions.".format(questions))

answer = input("Are you ready to take a test? (Yes/No): ")
if answer.lower() == "yes":
    print("You are ready, let's get started.")
elif answer.lower() == "no":
    print("Go back and study until you are prepared.")
    sys.exit()
else:
    print("Invalid response, please try again.")

# List of questions and their correct answers
questions_and_answers = [
    ("What values does a boolean have?", ["true and false"]),
    ("What can we use Boolean values for?", ["conditional statements", "everything"]),
    ("Why can we use conditional statements?", ["to use boolean"]),
    ("Is this statement true? 16 <= 12", ["false"]),
    ("What can relational operators evaluate?", ["numbers, expressions, or values"]),
    ("What is the result of NOT age < 16?", ["age > 16"])
]

for question, correct_answers in questions_and_answers:
    if question_with_response(question, correct_answers):
        print("Correct!")
        correct += 1
    else:
        print("Incorrect!")

# Display the final score
percentage_correct = (correct / questions) * 100
print(f"{user_name}, you scored {correct}/{questions} ({percentage_correct:.2f}%)")
if percentage_correct <= 50:
    print("You might want to study more and try again for a better score.")

import getpass  # Module to get the user's name
import sys  # Module to access system-related information

# Function to ask a question and get a response
def question_with_response(prompt):
    # Print the question
    print("Question: " + prompt)
    # Get user input as the response
    msg = input()
    return msg

# Define the number of questions and initialize the correct answers counter
questions = 6
correct = 0

# Personalized greeting message
# Collect the student's name
user_name = input("Enter your name: ")
print('Hello, ' + user_name + " running " + sys.executable)
print("You will be asked " + str(questions) + " questions.")
answer = input("Are you ready to take a test? (Yes/No): ").strip().lower()

# ... (previous code)

if answer == "yes":
    print("You are ready, let's get started")
elif answer == "no":
    print("Go back and study until you are prepared")
    sys.exit()
else:
    print("Invalid response, please try again")

# Question 1: Boolean Basics
rsp = question_with_response("What values does a boolean have?")
if rsp.strip().lower() == "true and false":
    print(rsp + " is correct!")
    correct += 1
else:
    print(rsp + " is incorrect!")

rrsp = question_with_response("What can we use Boolean values for?")
if rsp.strip().lower() in ["conditional statements", "everything"]:
    print(rsp + " is correct!")
    correct += 1
else:
    print(rsp + " is incorrect!")


# Question 2: Boolean Expressions
rsp = question_with_response("What can we use Boolean values for?")
if rsp in ["Conditional Statements", "Everything".strip().lower()]:
    print(rsp + " is correct!")
    correct += 1
else:
    print(rsp + " is incorrect!")

# Question 3: Conditional Statements
rsp = question_with_response("Why can we use conditional statements?")
if rsp == "To use boolean!":
    print(rsp + " is correct!")
    correct += 1
else:
    print(rsp + " is incorrect!")

# Question 4 and 5: Relational Operators
rsp = question_with_response("Is this statement true? 16 <= 12")
if rsp == "False":
    print(rsp + " is correct!")
    correct += 1
else:
    print(rsp + " is incorrect!")

rsp = question_with_response("What can relational operators evaluate?")
if rsp.strip().lower() == "numbers, expressions, and values":
    print(rsp + " is correct!")
    correct += 1
else:
    print(rsp + " is incorrect!")

# Question 6: Logical Operators
rsp = question_with_response("What is the result of NOT age < 16?")
if rsp in ["age > 16", "age>=16"]:
    print(rsp + " is correct!")
    correct += 1
else:
    print(rsp + " is incorrect!")

# Display the final score
percentage_correct = (correct / questions) * 100
print(f"{user_name}, you scored {correct}/{questions} ({percentage_correct:.2f}%)")
if percentage_correct <= 50:
    print("You might want to study more and try again for a better score.")

Hello, joe running /bin/python
You will be asked 6 questions.
You are ready, let's get started
Question: What values does a boolean have?
true and false is correct!
Question: What can we use Boolean values for?
true and false is incorrect!
Question: What can we use Boolean values for?
conditional statements is incorrect!
Question: Why can we use conditional statements?
 is incorrect!
Question: Is this statement true? 16 <= 12
False is correct!
Question: What can relational operators evaluate?
numbers, expressions, and values is correct!
Question: What is the result of NOT age < 16?
age<16 is incorrect!
joe, you scored 3/6 (50.00%)
You might want to study more and try again for a better score.

Boolean, If Lesson • 24 min read

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